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The ONE Group

Patient Guide

Heartburn

Learn about heartburn in people with cancer in this guide from The ONE Group (Oncology – Nutrition – Exercise) at Penn State College of Medicine.

What you should know

What is heartburn?

Heartburn is a condition that causes a burning sensation in the chest.Heartburn is caused by acid reflux – stomach acid refluxing back into the esophagus.

Symptoms

  • Developing a sour taste in your mouth

  • Pain or swelling in the throat

  • Burning sensation in the chest

  • Nausea or loss of appetite

  • Dry mouth

  • Gum irritation

  • Bad breath

  • Stomach noises

What you can do: Improving your eating to minimize heartburn

Foods that trigger heartburn

  • Fried foods, such as onion rings and French fries

  • Full-fat dairy products, such as butter, whole milk, regular cheese or sour cream

  • Citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, tomatoes and pineapple

  • Chocolate

  • Garlic, onions and spicy foods

  • Caffeine

  • Mint

Foods that help with heartburn

  • Vegetables such as green beans, broccoli, cauliflower and cucumbers

  • Ginger

  • Oatmeal

  • Non-citrus fruits such as melons, bananas and apples

  • Lean meats and seafood such as chicken, turkey and fish

  • Egg whites

  • Healthy fats such as avocados, walnuts and flax seeds

  • Oils such as olive oil, sesame oil and sunflower oil

Lifestyle changes that can help to minimize heartburn

  • Try to avoid stress. Stress can cause heartburn or make the heartburn worse. Try meditating in the mornings to relieve stress.

  • Sometimes it helps to lose weight. Ask for a referral to a dietitian. They can help with a more personalized diet.

  • Exercise moderately for 15 to 30 minutes every day.

  • Wait an hour after eating to exercise.

  • Avoid laying down after eating a meal.

  • Try not to eat within two to three hours before you go to bed. This can help prevent the secretion of extra acids. Laying down can make the pain worse.

  • Sleep with your head and shoulders elevated.

  • Enjoy smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day. Eat each meal slowly.

  • Wear loose clothing.

  • Keep a food diary to note which foods cause heartburn.

  • Avoid tobacco.

  • Limit caffeine and alcohol.

Notes

Contact your physician if:

  • You are having symptoms of heartburn. Your physician may prescribe medication to help relieve the heartburn.

  • You notice blood in your bowel movements.

  • You have difficulty breathing, eating or swallowing.

References

  • American Cancer Society